Speakers

Biography

Since 2019, Małgorzata Osmenda has worked in the Olkusz Forest District based on an employment contract - permanent work. 2019-2020-postgraduate studies at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow at the Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biotechnology. Receiving a postgraduate diploma with Ocean 4.5. She interned at the State Forests State Forests, Olkusz Forest District, receiving a job under the agreement on the employment of the best graduates of state forestry universities 2018-2019.

Abstract

Abiotic factors related to climate change, i.e., increased soil salinity, heavy metal water, soil contamination, and the increasingly common drought, adversely affect the physiological condition of forest trees. The long-term impact of unfavorable abiotic factors negatively affects the quantity and quality of the generative material produced by trees, such as seeds. Problems with collecting and storing high-quality seeds became the basis for research to obtain healthy seedlings, among others, from embryos isolated from seeds and other parts of woody plant organs in vitro. The experiments used common ash explants: flower buds and leaf buds. The research material was obtained from trees in the Olkusz Forest District in southern Poland. Before starting laboratory tests, the research material was disinfected using an innovative procedure. B buds were disinfected to protect both types of buds against spontaneous infections and their destruction. Then, the disinfected and grown flower and leaf buds were placed in the nutrient solution covered by patent no. PL 242938, which was in crystallization dishes and Petri dishes. The research results showed that plant material such as flower and leaf buds are unsuitable for micropropagation due to large amounts of endophytic fungi in both types of buds and the lack of morphogenesis in callus and seedlings. Both flower and leaf buds were observed to produce biochemical compounds, most likely secondary metabolites. It was found that flower buds developed structures resembling certain callus-like features. The appearance of an aqueous substance produced by flower buds directly affected by endophytic fungi was also observed. In the case of leaf buds, it was additionally observed that plant tissue that changed its color from green to brown is less susceptible to secondary fungal infections. This phenomenon may indicate the production of metabolites that limit the growth and development of fungi. Based on the experiments, it was concluded that tissue cultures of flower and leaf buds collected from common ash have great potential for researching the usefulness and further possibilities offered by ash buds, including secondary metabolites. The results of further research on the isolation and identification of biologically active substances in plants will be used to determine their potential use in many industries, such as medicine, pharmacy, production of biopesticides