Aspects of ethnobotany in developing regions of South and East Asia, especially the problems of socio-economic development of tribals vis-a-vis local resources and knowledge, seem to be a meaningful discourse of local, regional, and global dimensions. A test case of Bundelkhand, India, situates itself in an area of rich plant biodiversity, a vast array of local races, and their wild relatives of medicinal and crop plants. This region is also home to varied ethnic groups striving to carve their place in developing societies. Despite this interesting socio-economic construct, studies on the region have remained casual and patchy, providing no answers to tribal developments on the strength of local resource knowledge that remains untapped. The present paper deals with the socio-economic primary and significance of local–indigenous tribal knowledge with regional and global implications vis-a-vis ethnobotanical significance of forests of Bundelkhand, India.