Plant Biotechnology Applications
Plant biotechnology is a widely spread field concentrating on the alterations of plants to benefit humans that originated from primitive practices such as the artificial selection of plants and crossing. Modernization of this method includes genetic manipulation, cell cultures, and tissue cultures. Plants, drugs, and other goods are useful using various biological organisms, systems, or processes. This field integrates natural sciences such as molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, and microbiology. It drives innovation in agricultural productivity, environmental sustainability, and the development of new products while advancing fundamental biological research at the 2nd Edition of the Plant Science and Molecular Biology World Conference.
Applications of Plant Biotechnology:
Crop Improvement: Genetically modified (GM) crops with improved traits like pest resistance, disease resistance, nutritional content, and environmental stress tolerance.
Biopharming: Plants can be used to produce pharmaceutical compounds like vaccines, antibodies, and enzymes, offering a cost-effective method for drug production.
Environmental Sustainability: Phytoremediation: Using plants to clean up contaminated environments by absorbing pollutants and heavy metals.
Carbon Sequestration: Improving the ability of plants to capture carbon dioxide helps mitigate climate change.
Biofuel Production: Convert plant biomass, including algae and crops like corn and sugarcane, into renewable energy sources like bioethanol and biodiesel.
Tissue Culture and Cloning: Rapid multiplication of plants through tissue culture techniques with uniformity and production of genetically identical plants.
Crop Protection: Produces biopesticides and herbicide-resistant crops with decreased dependence on chemicals for pesticide use and weed management.
Genetic Conservation: Genetic diversity and endangered plant species are preserved through tissue culture and genetic techniques.
Plant Biotechnology Techniques:
• Genetic Engineering
• Gene Editing (CRISPR-Cas9)
• Tissue Culture
• Somaclonal Variation
• Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS)
• Protoplast Fusion
• RNA Interference (RNAi)
• Plant Breeding and Hybridization
• Transgenic Plant Development
• Induced Mutagenesis