CRISPR-Cas9 is a groundbreaking genome-editing technology that allows for precise modifications to plant DNA. The 2nd Edition of the Plant Science and Molecular Biology World Conference will delve into how this technology is based on bacterial immune defense and uses two main components: the Cas9 protein, which cuts DNA, and guide RNA (gRNA), which directs the Cas9 protein to specific genetic targets.
Key Applications in Plant Science:
Trait Improvement:
Enhances yield, quality, and disease resistance.
Improves stress tolerance (e.g., drought and heat).
Functional Genomics:
Enables gene knockout and knock-in to study gene functions.
Allows for gene regulation to control plant traits.
New Variety Development:
Facilitates domestication of wild species and biofortification (improving nutritional content).
Advantages:
Precision: Allows accurate edits with minimal unintended changes.
Versatility: Applicable to a wide range of plant species.
Cost-Effective: Cheaper and faster than traditional breeding techniques.
Prospects:
Increased accuracy and multiplexing (editing of multiple genes in one step)
Integration with other technologies to enhance plant breeding.